Liquid-fuel burner.



T. B. FERGUSON.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 21. 1913.

1, 1 1 1 ,449, Patented sept. 22, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

' t |nnan noo nuo ooull THE MORRIS FTERS CO.. PHOTO-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. D. C.

T. B. FERGUSON.

LIQUID FUEL BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 21, 1913. 1, 1 1 1,449, Patented sept. 22, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

THE NORRIS PETERS CO.. FHOTD-LITHO.. WASHINGTON. D.

T. B. FERGUSDN.

LIQUID PUBLBURNER.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 21, 1913, 1,1 1 1,449. l Patented Sept. 22, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

OOG

36 woo @9i/[Mm: n @www/tog mwm www@ s THE NDRRIS PETERS C0.. PHOm-Llfno., wAsHlNGroN. D. c.

1 STATES. PATENTOFFICR N THoMAs i3. FERGUSON, or `l'njvv YORK, N. Y. l

Be itknownjthat l',fTrro.wrAs B. FnneusoN,

.laf citizen of the United` States of America, 'and a residentv o'fgNew York, 1n the, borough Iof Brooklyn, county'of Kings, and State of `New York, have'finvented 'certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid-Fuel Burners,of whichfthe following isa specification. 'This inventi'on'r'elates'to burners for kerosene and other liquid hydrocarbons, and` is particularly intended for producing a heatingtlain'e; the burner being'therefore adapted for] 'use in heaters. of various 4 types, stoves, furnaces, ranges-etc. f I f My invention embodies modifications ofi and improvements in the burner for thesame purpose illustrated anddescribed in myap-y plication for USS. Letters Patent lile'd Januaryi5, 1912, Sr. No. 669,620: The burner of said prior application is characterized by v,flame-gua'rding and llame-deflecting means l irrai'iged to deflect a flame jet backwardly or downwardly and outwardly in the .form of an annulus';'wh1ch llame then-spreads laterally and outwardly, 'inclosing a spacethr'ough which 'passes a return bend `heating l tube," through whichtubethe oil is passed in order thatsamemay be'heated, and, preferably vaporized before it isprojected out-nA wardv from'the burner "tolform the flame. The'constructi'onof'such burner is such that the flame vdoes'not vplay directlyupon'fthev heatingftube, except `where such tube passes ,n

at right angles? across the path fof theflaine.;

'andthef'porti'on's of such tubefso` passing y across thelanie arey 'soisrnalh andare sovsituatedY 'witl'i respect to -the mainv` heating ponv -tion of the llame has no detrirnen'tjaleffect.` 4The v'main portion Aofthe ,heating,tubel is -heated in the mainfby'heat radiated from'the,

flamebut' modified aA downdratt ot air l U :produced thejlamefitsel'f in its 'passage y through the' biiinerf; The iburn'e'r herein V451: illustrated and `Vdescribedis of thefsame gen`` -1 `eral'nature as ltheburner ofmysaid prior rangement, etc. I v. Theobjects ofy my invention` are to `pro#` application, but l embodies` certainv modicaf tionsand inipvroveir'ients`- in '.lstructure, ar-

duce a relatively simple and inexpensive and very'efl'ectiveiburner of the class described,- which" shall :produce very perfect.comhusl o tion,"whi'ch lmay be `heated 'up very quickly Henin-FUEL isn-Riina;

l rSpeciuzaton of Letters atent. 'Ptelltd Sept. 22,1914. v l Application filed August 21, 1913. Serial No. 786,031,` i i l and easily, and which is compactk and sub-f stantial'inconstruction n l A i :I` will, now n proceed to describe my invention, withl `reference `to the accompanying drawings, and will then point out the novel features in claims.` 1

11n said drawings:` Figure l shows a `central Vertical section `of one form of my improved burner, the `section i vbeing' taken on' the line"r -m `of Fig. 5. Fig. 2 shows another vcentralv verticalhsection of myim'- proved burner,wthesection being taken on.

line y.-y 'ot Fig.l 5; 7l. e., vbeing taken at rignt 'angles tothesection of Fig. l. F ig.` 3 is-` a detailview.` illustrating an 'alternative construction of.` primary heating burner which may be employed. Fig. 4 is a' detail elevation landpartial section of one end of the fuelheating'tube." Fig. 5 is a top view of the burner. Figi shows a horizontal section ot the burner "on the line .2f-zot Fig. 2; `and Fig. 7 shows--a horizontal sectionof the lower portion fof thefburneron the 4line wwwl of Fig. 2. Fig. 4` 8 shows an"outside `elevation of the burner @and thesupport therefor. Fig. 9 isvardetail outside elevation oftheburnenlooking` 'romthe left of Fig.

Si Fig.` 10 is a sectionalfelevation"of the burner base and associated parts, the section f being taken on .theline of Fig. 7.

` In the drawings, numeral 5 fdesignzl-tes-*al "burner 'base provided `with an` internallyl `threadedaperture l adapted to -receivefa valvedduct Qleading'froin a pressure tank l', (Fig. 8) which tank is adapted, as is cus? Vtonfiary in burners-ofthis class, to supply oil"l 4under pressure `to the burner; The` burner `balse'is further vprovided with other apertures 6 .and 7, screw threaded to `receive gland-bushings 6 and 7 respectively, which gland bushings are mounted upon the ends of a fuel'heatin'g tube 3 `of inverted Uform.

The aperture 6 connects with the aperture 4, and the-aperture 7 connects with a conduit 8 provided in burner base 5, which conduit connects with a' conduit 9, in the centralpor-` 'ti'onoi" the burner base,` a'burner tip llQbeing provided at the -top of this conduit,which `burner tip 10 is4 provided withilafsmall y 5'" burner orifice l1.` A valvelrprovided in conduit 2, serves fory the'control of the iiowof oil tothe fuelheating tube, and so regulates-the iiowcf4 gas, or hea-ted Ql, Olboth, to, the burner orifice 11. y' f The, space immediately above the burne'i'erifice 11' constitutes ian initial Acoinf bustioi'i'space, this space beingiiiclosed by a two-part shell, 1li- 15, member 111v of which rests upon the burner tip 10 and is provided with suitable air inlet openings 16.. Meniber rests upon the iiiember la and is provided at its d top with a lsuitable gas exit opening 17. Above the gas exit opening 17 there is a bell-shaped inein'ber 19 constituting a flame delector, the sides of which extend down below the gas orice 17 as shown particularly in Fig-2, saidydelect'or being supported from `the. platform 18 `(formed integrally with .member 141)by -nieans of legs QOwith which such flame deilector 19 is n provided. lVithin the; flame delector.l 19,

and supportedby it, there is a secondary def1ec`tor,27, likewise of approximate bell, forni, andthe sides of vwhich are spaced away from the innersurfaces of the deflector` 19 someA nwhat This secondary defiectoi' 27 1 co1nmorerigid than copperI at the temperaturesl to whiclithese parts are subjected.

. yThe platform 18 is provided with a depending-aiinulaivflange 21 and is also provided, `within such flange, with flame oriice's 22 and flamey nozzles 23, the latter exorifices' tendingdownward in close proximity to the aininlet openings 1601 thev burner member 14e.; Outside ofthe depending flange 21, the

platform 1S is provided with other flame 24; and above,@and resting upon the platform 18, isanother perforate plaitfornir-25 havingy init orifices 26 and likewise provided with an upwardly projecting Vflange 2S, surroiinding,. 'but spaced soinei .fwhataway from, tlie'lower portion of the y p "ers 33 may be lighted ,by mea-ns oa lighted flamev dfetlector 19.` `lhe .platform V1S is further provided with an outer depending angeq29, provided with aA bottoni "plate 30 itselfprovided- Ywith an annular opening 31e through ,which much of the. air for the su ont of combustion ofthe burner Jasses' 7 the 4saidv flange-'29 'and bottom plate 30 inc-losing a relatively quiet mixing and air combining space 32 in which air passing up through opening V31 niiXes with the ame, as

hereinafterV described'. n,

-For-the initial heating of the'burner'l provide supplemental heating burners, 33, oarriedby .the burner base 5 and comprising burner. tubes 3a; provided with air inlet bel :controlled by Aperforate rotatable collars these-burner tubes 84 there is a body of porous]- absorbent material 37 such as cotton,` 'wo-roher asbestos7 surrounded by a gauze cylinder 37a. These .burner tubes 34 may be provided with lair-inlet :tubes/38,

open at the bottom at the top and may be closed at the` bottoni-Y and may 'conl l L 7o lttheirv upper ends, the burner tubes'fll' tain' wicking y39. Y.

are pro-vided with lreiiiovable "burner tips 4.1.0. Resting upon these tips there is aper-k t'crate shield l1, inside whiehjis la deflectoi' provided with orifices L3 fclose .to the sides of the burnermember v14. g y y Oil supplied to the; absorbent material o1 heater burners 33) by niea'iis off-tubesiflll i customarily connected :to coupling, i115] (Figs. 2 and `7) supported fby the burnerbaseb; rto which coupling.'.Qlssupplied by a pipe 46;; rfiiiy suitable inieansinay be employed for the regulatioiii'of the supply of eil through this pipe 16; 1 prefer somev automatic level-maintaining:oilffeed device, such as is coinnionlyused, for example, in then-.well known Student lainpgbiit do not liniit n'fiysel` to--anyfparticular device for this purpose, and therefore havenotshown, in the drawings, lany particular deivice for* this purpose.- 1- l For cleaning the burnerorificefll lI providea screw cleaning rod 5,0, located within the duct. 9,"and guided at its upper end by a perforate collar v51. This cleaning rod 50 lias'a needlepoint at its,upperend, which Y may` be passed through thefburner orifice" 1l luy-screwing up said rod. Such needle peint Valso forms, withl the orifice v117 a needle valveor furtherregulation of the supply of gas or heated oil.A

vso

The operation of the yburner is fas tollows :l To. start tlieburner in operation Vitis rt necessary to heat tlieburner, particu- .lai-ly the part -15 and tolwhich end the heating` burners 33,' previously mentioned, are provided. Thes'exfheating burnfiiiatch iii-jjtaper,applied/td,the absorbent` material" through the-orifices 35; the

rings 36 being lifted, if"iiecessary, to' lperinit the insertion of such lighted :match or taper. The flames from these' heatinglourners, emerging throughfthe burnerytips 40,

are, deflected inward by thel deilector 42 and pass iip falongtlie' member lll of the` burnerV Y and through theorices 16of1theburner,. f heating quickly and to "high degree' the n'ieinbers` 15 :and 27.' Wlflienfthese parts are, l 'sui'iiciently-Yr `heated,'A whichy usuallyV Q takes only a few.' minutes),.Ptheoil for the main burner is turned` on Ybyxfthe .opening of .the` t Y valve-12 and tlierebyfafjet of oil -o'rwoil- .Y

vapor is causedto issue `from tlieburner o'riice 11, rmingling .with air in the space 13 and ignitiiio' autoniaticall 4b @contact c e i Y ,Y l

with the hot deflectorr the flame so prog the Haine becomes. a yblueHainey When, the y 1fuel-jet-projecting means, an initial com-` let and a flame outlet, a deflector located beyond such outlet and arranged to deflect the flame rearwardly as a flame annulus, a platform extending laterally fromsaid `initial combustion chamber and provided with a downwardly extending flange and with. a`

bottom plate, such platform, flangef'and bot tom plate together inclosing a mixing `and air inlet chamber, there being an opening for the entrance of air tosaid mixing and platform being per-` air inlet chamber, said forate. i

' 9. lA burner comprising 1n combination bustion 'chamber inclosing thespace beyond suchjet and `provided with an air inlet.y `opening and a flame outlet, a deflector be-l yond such flame outlet arranged to .deflect the flame rearwardly as a flame annulus,

and a platform extending laterally from said initial combustion `chamber and pro-' vided with downwardly'projecting nozzles.

10. A burner comprising in lcombination fuel-jet-projecting means, an initial com- I bustion chamber incloslngf the space beyond rearwardly and outwardly as a flame annulus, such deflector comprising a deflecting body of material of high heat conductivity and an annular support `therefor located outside of such deflecting body and in the main spaced well away therefrom.

12. A burner comprising in combination a burner base, provided with fuel-jet-projecting means and with an initial heating burner, a dee'ctor in the path of the jet from such projecting means, and another deliector arranged to direct the flame of such initial heating burner` toward said first-mentioned deflector.

13. A burner comprising in combination fuel-jet-proj ecting means, an initial combustion chamber surrounding the space immediately beyond said projecting means and provided with an air inlet and a flame outlet, an initial heating burnernand a deflector arranged tov direct theiame' of. such initial heating burner toward the air inlet of said initial combustion chamber.

ll; A burner comprising in. combination fuel-jet-projecting means, an initial combustion chamber surrounding the vspace immediately beyond such projecting means and provided with an air inlet and a flame outlet, a defiector beyond the flame outlets of said initial combustion chamber, an initial heating burner, and another deflector ar ranged tol deflect the flame of such initial heating burner toward the air inlet of said initial combustion chamber. 15. A burner comprising in combinatio a -burner base provided with fuel-jet-projecting means, an initial combustion chamber surrounding the space immediately beyond such projecting meansand provided with anair inlet'and a flame outlet, said burner base provided further with an initial heating burner located'in' proximity to said vfuel-jet-projecting means, and a deflector arranged to direct the flame of such initial heating burner toward the air inlet of said initial combustion chamber.

16.v A burner comprising in combination a burner base provided with fuel-jet-projecting means, an initial'combustion chamber surrounding the space immediately beyond lsaid projecting means and provided with an air inlet and a flame outlet, a plurality of initial heating burnerscarried by saidfbase and arranged about the fuel-jet-projecting means, and a deflector arranged to direct the flames of such initial heating burners t0- ward the initial combustion chamber.

17. A burner comprising in combination a burner base pro-vided with fuel-jet-projecting means, an initial combustion chamber surrounding the space immediately beyond such projecting means and provided with an air inlet and a flame outlet, a flame deflector in the path of gases passing through the flame' outlet of said combustion chamber, a plurality of initial heating burners carried by said Abase and arranged about said fuel-jet-projecting means, and means for deflecting the flames of said initial heating burners into the air inlet of said initial combustion chamber, whereby the x19.l A burner comprising in combination .fuel-Jet-projectmg means, an initial combustion chamber surrounding the space im- `flames of such initial heating burners toward such initial combustion chamber, and a foraminous guard surrounding said deflecting means and arranged to protect the flames of said initial heatingburners.

20. A burner comprising in combination fuel-jetprojecting means, an initial combustion chamber surrounding the space immediately beyond such projecting means and provided with an air inlet and a flame outlet, a flame deflector located beyond said flame outlet and arranged to deflect the flame from .said outlet baclrwardly and as a flame annulus, and means for carrying a portion ot such flame into proximity to the said air inlet of said initial combustion chamber.

2l. A burner comprising in combination a burner base provided with a centrally-ar ranged. fuel-jetprojecting means and with passages at the sides thereof for connection of a Vaporizing tube to said burner base, and a vaporizing tube connected to said lpassages, one of said passages further provided with a fuel connection and the other of said Copies of this patent may be obtained for open at the top and provided intermediate said closed bottom and open top, With a lat-- eral air inlet, absorbent material Within said tube, means for the supply of liquid fuel to such absorbent material, and a burner tip resting removably upon said tube and provided VWith a flame orifice.

23. A heating burner comprising in combination a tube closed at the bottom and open at the top and provided intermediate said closed'bottom and open top, with a lateral air inlet, absorbent material Within said tube, means for the supply of liquid fuel to such absorbent material, and another tube- Within said first mentioned tube and provided With lateral orices above said absorb- -ent material.

Intestimony vvhereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses. t

,y `TuoMAs B.'V FERGUSON. Witnesses:

HARRY M. MARBLE, MAY I. TRIMBLE.

ve cents each,` by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. j 

